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Nataliya Marinova
ADVANTAGES AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF INDUSTRIAL IOT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SOLUTIONS USAGE
Abstract:
The objective of this paper is to research the synergistic interaction between Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in IIoT ecosystems (AIoT). For achieving this purpose, a method of integrative study of leading scientific publications on the topics ‘Industrial Internet of Things’ and ‘Artificial Internet of Things’ and the PRIZMA flow chart for filtering the list of found documents are applied. The inability of full coverage of the AIoT topic in one article has necessitated the usage of an approach for its content analysis in several thematic groups. The IIoT and AIoT concepts has been explored by various theoretical and practical aspects in many scientific papers published mainly over the past five years, but continues to arouse the interest of researchers. The novelty of the manuscript could be viewed in the attempts of systematizing the key characteristics, advantages, and risks in the practical use of these technologies in the form of smart manufacturing machines, robotic devices, autonomous vehicles, and software for predictive maintenance, and in outlining the possibility for green and sustainable AIoT platforms creation. It is concluded that a key requirement for the implementation of AIoT solutions is the consideration of the various threats and ethical aspects of their design, which contributes to the correct definition of the ‘social value’ of such business initiatives.
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Roza Muratova, Dana Baigojaeva, Mariana Mateeva Petrova
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS AND RISKS
OF URBANIZATION IN KAZAKHSTAN
Abstract:
The article presents theoretical and practical issues of urbanization. The paper explores the theoretical concepts of regional development and their specific practical implementation.
The statistical data on the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2019 and 2020 are analyzed. An analysis of the factors of urbanization in the regions of the country is made. The relationship between the processes of urbanization and population migration is shown. Regional differences in the level of urbanization of the cities of the republic are given.
The paper notes that urbanization should not be an end in itself, but it is only a consequence of the effective distribution of productive forces. An example of the rational management of the urban environment should be a rational system of urban construction, public utilities, all infrastructure and the creation of a comfortable cultural environment.
The paper proposes the development of rural entrepreneurship as an alternative. Correlation dependences of interrelation of urbanization with factors of migration, industrialization and economic growth are given. A model of the dependence of urbanization and these factors is proposed. The article also notes that urbanization for Kazakhstan may pose some threat due to the relatively low population density and the decrease in the population of remote settlements and uncontrolled migration of the population. It is necessary to continue researching the processes of urbanization of Kazakhstan in the direction of developing the theory in relation to the characteristics of a country with a low population density. In terms of practical recommendations, our research should provide some incentive to further control migration processes and increase the level of industrialization of the regions of Kazakhstan.
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Rumen Vyrbanov
APPLICATIONS OF THE BYOD CONCEPTION – BENEFITS, RISKS AND APPROACHES
Abstract:
BYOD (Bring Your Own Device), advantages of BYOD, risks of BYOD, consumerisation, attitudes toward the use of mobile devices in business, strategy for the implementation of BYOD.
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Nataliya Golovanova, Anna Bekaeva
PROBLEMS AND RISKS OF COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY
Abstract:
According to statistical data, modern development of the innovation activity in Russia has positive trends – Russia’s positions in the Global Innovation Index have improved, the relative share of the organisations engaged in innovation has increased and the volume of shipped innovative products has gone up in the total volume of exports. However, even these positive trends are not enough to bridge the gap between Russia and the developed countries. The problems of low effectiveness of innovation in Russia, according to the authors, are related to the problems and risks that arise in enterprises that commercialize innovation.
The process of commercialisation of innovation has its own specifics and depending on the degree of participation of the innovation developers in it, it could be realised through three different methods – independent use, partial assignment of rights to use innovations, full transfer of rights to use it. The problems and risks which the enterprises may face in the process of commercializing innovations, are presented by the authors in relation to each method. The article also features some authors’ proposals for speeding up the innovation implementation by enterprises.
