Year 2021, Issue 4
Date published23.12.2021
CONTENTS
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Borislav Borisov
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE GLOBAL ECONOMYJEL: Å32.Abstract: The impact of the global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic is pervasive and affects all countries and economic sectors. However, some businesses, that have been more resilient to its adverse effects than others, for which the... The impact of the global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic is pervasive and affects all countries and economic sectors. However, some businesses, that have been more resilient to its adverse effects than others, for which the negative effect has been catastrophic, can stand out. There are also differences in the size of the companies, as the small ones turned out to be more flexible and therefore suffered smaller losses. The article analyses the main financial indicators of global industries and their dynamics during the crisis, paying special attention to two of them – air transport and shipping. The main conclusion is that shipping, and in particular container transport, has proved to be more sustainable, while air transport has suffered huge losses. The explanation is that when people stop traveling to markets and goods, goods travel to people. -
Tran Anh Tuan, Vu Pham Quynh Huong, Nguyen Thi Phi Yen
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE AFTER ‘ODA GRADUATION’ - MOVING TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: CASE STUDY OF VIETNAMJEL: F35.Abstract: The research on ODA will be focused on its relation to Goal 17, the Partnership, considered a major issue by the researchers, especially in the case of Vietnam as a developing economy. ODA was mainly used for investing in economic... The research on ODA will be focused on its relation to Goal 17, the Partnership, considered a major issue by the researchers, especially in the case of Vietnam as a developing economy. ODA was mainly used for investing in economic infrastructure when Vietnam witnessed a downfall in receiving financial aid due to its significant economic growth. ODA helped Vietnam transform from one of the world’s poorest nations into a lower middle-income country and soon, this is going to lead to the ‘ODA Graduation’. However, the process has just begun. The country is still in a process of industrialization and modernization and its socio-economic situation has not been stable or solid. By all means, ODA is not only a financial resource, it also helps the country to accomplish Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the UN. ‘ODA Graduation’ means that the economy of Vietnam has faced certain challenges such as increasing pressure of outbound debts; raising impact on social development or imbalance between high capital recovery investments and public-services investments. However, ‘ODA Graduation’ has brought certain opportunities such as increasing Vietnam’s independence in capital mobilization, preventing the removal of tariffs barrier, reducing losses and waste of funds. This research gives recommendations for improving Vietnam’s economic situation and can help overcome the difficulties in the period of ‘ODA Graduation’. -
Simeonka Petrova
CHALLENGES FACING RETAILERS’ ASSORTMENT SUPPLY IN THE OMNICHANNEL AGEAbstract: Thå following article presents the results of a study aimed at making a theoretical and empirical interpretation of retailers’ assortment supply in omnichannel environment. On this basis, the most prominent challenges and issues are... Thå following article presents the results of a study aimed at making a theoretical and empirical interpretation of retailers’ assortment supply in omnichannel environment. On this basis, the most prominent challenges and issues are brought to the fore by applying a combination of a review of specialized economic theory and by giving examples from real retail practice. Specific theoretical, conceptual and practical tasks of the study are set. For the analysis of the collected theoretical and empirical data the scientific methods of the factor analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, and illustration are applied. The research results are systematized in formulated conclusions and are related to estimating the omnichannel impact on the retailers’ assortment supply. -
Donka Zhelyazkova, Sergey Piddrubrivnyy
POSSIBLE SCENARIOS FOR DEVELOPING EU TRADE RELATIONS WITH RUSSIAAbstract: The study presents general scenarios for the future development of EU trade relations with Russia, which are conditionally marked as ‘stagnation’, ‘optimistic’ and ‘pessimistic’. The dynamics of the sanctions regime is used as a key... The study presents general scenarios for the future development of EU trade relations with Russia, which are conditionally marked as ‘stagnation’, ‘optimistic’ and ‘pessimistic’. The dynamics of the sanctions regime is used as a key indicator for distinguishing these scenarios. We associate the first scenario, called ‘stagnation’, with the expectations of a serious slowdown in the economic growth of the EU and Russia. The second, described as ‘optimistic’, is based on expectations for a gradual recovery and development of the trade relations between the two countries over a long period of time. The third scenario is defined as ‘pessimistic’, given the consolidated tightening of anti-Russian sanctions within the transatlantic alliance and the expansion of Russia’s countermeasures. -
Lubomir Lubenov
STRATEGIC MARKETING RELATIONS IN THE BEEKEEPING SECTOR IN RUSE DISTRICTKeywords: B2B (business-business) relationships, B2C (business-client), VMS (vertical marketing systems).Abstract: Farms are facing a marketing problem (difficult realization and low competitiveness), which requires strategic relationship marketing at sectoral (beekeeping, etc.) and regional level - Ruse district, etc. The aim is to study the... Farms are facing a marketing problem (difficult realization and low competitiveness), which requires strategic relationship marketing at sectoral (beekeeping, etc.) and regional level - Ruse district, etc. The aim is to study the role and importance of vertical relationships for developing the beekeeping sector in Ruse district. The grounds for the formation of relationships in the beekeeping sector in Ruse district and the opportunities for their vertical development through B2C (business client) and B2B (business business) relationships are analyzed. The strategic relations at sectoral (beekeeping) and regional level (Ruse district) open access to markets, resources, know-how, etc., creating preconditions for increasing the national and international competitiveness and profitability of the sector and the region, as well as overcoming regional and sectoral problems. Beekeeping farms in Ruse region can be equal partners, incl. leaders in vertical marketing systems (VMS) of bee and other products, mainly through sectoral and regional relationships, which will provide them with stronger positions compared to other members of the distribution channels - suppliers, intermediaries, traders and others. They need to switch to vertical relationships for more profitable sales of their products, focusing on direct sales to end users and participation in VMS. -
Penka Shishmanova
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC COHESION IN THE 21st CENTURY: TRENDS AND CHALLENGESKeywords: -Abstract: ... -